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Dave's Landslide Blog
The landslide at Attabad has developed seepage
Late last week the landslide at Attabad started to develop some seepage. Over the last few days this has gradually increased in rate and is now measured at about 9.4 cubic feet per second (0.25 cubic metres per second). The Pamir Times has some images of the seepage:Given...
Manchester talk on the Sichuan Earthquake disaster
Yesterday I gave a talk to the Manchester branches of the Geographical Association and the Geological Association on the causes of the Sichuan (Wenchuan) earthquake disaster. As usual I promised to make my slides available via Authorstream. You should be able to download the presentation as well as...
Attabad landslide - the Pakistan Government response
Yesterday a meeting was held by the Ministry of the Environment in Islamabad to discuss the Attabad landslide, based at least in part on my report from my recent field visit on behalf of Focus. I am glad to say that the upshot of that meeting is that the...
Free workshop on coastal erosion, 19th March 2010
We are running a free workshop on erosion on 19th March 2010 in North Yorkshire, UK. Details in the flyer below, together with contact details (click on the image for a better view in a new window).Please do register to come along!...
Construction of the spillway at Attabad in northern Pakistan continues, but there is little doubt that the construction workers at the site, and indeed those walking over the dam to access the boat service, face considerable risks from rockfalls from the original landslide scar. On 4th March such a...
New rockslide video: Highway 96 at Klamath River near the Siskiyou-Humboldt county line
Thanks to Kyle House of the Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology for bringing this one to my attention.A great new video was posted yesterday showing a rockslide onto Highway 96 at Klamath River near the Siskiyou-Humboldt county line in California. The video should be embedded below:Rock slide...
The Volcanism Blog
I’ve been laid low by some kind of stomach bug sicky flu type thing, hence the recent lack of activity around here. The world’s volcanoes will have to look after themselves for a bit until I’m recovered. Apologies. (In the meantime you are recommended to visit Eruptions for the latest in...
Brief note on Eyjafjallajökull
Apologies: I had intended to post more about the ongoing activity at Eyjafjallajökull this weekend, but there hasn’t been time. I hope to catch up with things in Iceland (and elsewhere) tomorrow, but in the meantime I recommend the comment thread at this post over at Eruptions – at the moment...
Chile: alert level raised at Llaima
The Chilean state geological service SERNAGEOMIN carried out an overflight of Llaima volcano on 4 March, and in the light of the observations made have raised the alert level for Llaima from Yellow Level 4 to the slightly higher Yellow Level 3. A bulletin issued on 5 March reports that there...
Chilean volcanoes: all quiet after the earthquake, reports SERNAGEOMIN
Villarrica volcano from the Pucón webcam, 5 March 2010 (OVDAS). In the wake of the M8.8 earthquake of 27 February, which led to speculation about the quake’s possible effects on the local volcanoes, the Chilean state geological service SERNAGEOMIN carried out an evaluation of activity at the volcanoes that are currently monitored in...
The volcano forecast: something a little different
Here in the United Kingdom one of the enduring pillars of our national life is the Shipping Forecast, a report on weather conditions around British and Irish shores put together by the Met Office and H.M. Coastguard and broadcast four times a day on BBC Radio 4. It may seem rather utilitarian, but the...
Eyjafjallajökull and Katla: restless neighbours
The Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajökull has been very restless recently. The current seismicity and apparent inflation may be precursory to an eruption, or it may not – as Hugh Tuffen of Lancaster University observes, this kind of activity has been seen before, associated with dyke intrusion events (although the current seismicity is...
PrettyRock.com: Gemology and Faceting blog
St Patrick's Day Party this weekend!
Just a reminder that our St Patrick's Day part is this weekend. 12 - 9 pm EST, online on the forum! We will have games, prizes, contests, and more! I hope you will stop by and join in the fun!Link to the forum: http://www.prettyrock.com/prforum/index.phpA Post from PrettyRock.com...
We are going to have a St Patrick's Day Party! Saturday March 13, from Noon to 10pm est, right here on the forum! Games, prizes and lots of rock talk!A Post from PrettyRock.com...
Dev and I both have family in the military. My nephew just currently at boot camp for the army. He's going to be a medic. We both worried and so very proud of him!A Post from PrettyRock.com...
Opal Yawah Nuts and a chance to help a friend
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Okay.. first check out this video!http://www.outbackgems.com/Devin/Devin.htmTHIS STONE IS SOLD! Hopefully Dev will share his story about the purchase of the first half of this opal. Devin came home from Tucson one year and told me all about this wonderful opal lady he met. He couldn't say enough nice...
Things that make you go ..hmmmmmmmmm
http://www.firstwaternews.com/feature/718-1-Ice-diamonds-included-diamonds-rough-diamonds-industrial-diamonds-Carol-Besler-de-Grisogono-Nina-Runsdorf-Todd-Reed-De-Beers-So now they aren't included diamonds, but "icy" Now that is some brilliant marketing...A Post from PrettyRock.com...
Announcing the 2010 PrettyRock.com Faceting Competition!
Details here! http://www.prettyrock.com/2010facetingcompetition.htmWe hope you will join in the fun!A Post from PrettyRock.com...
Accidental Remediation
I've apparently lost another week. Hmm. I'm going to be busy for quite a while, so I'm not sure how much posting I'll be able to do this week and next week.I can't really write a long post right now, but I did click through to Dr. Jekyll/Mrs. Hyde earlier...
I really dig the photos that Silver Fox has in this post. I appears that her truck uses the same organizational system that mine do. That is, everything is spread out for maximum usage of available space and for easy finding.Unfortunately, my coworkers were not terribly impressed by my truck...
Ok, I'm back! And boy, did I miss out on all sorts of geology-related stuff. The biggie, of course, is the earthquake in Chile. It does prove what I said here - that one of the big problems with earthquakes is the structural integrity of the buildings rather than just...
I've been traveling...blogging may continue to be minimal for the next week or so. Back to your usual programming:I needed a new pair of boots ASAP. My old boots were past the minimum time required for reimbursement, and then I went and ruined them by standing in a sticky, ankle-deep...
I've been traveling/otherwise busy, so I'm only just catching up with the news. So I didn't hear about the recent academic shooting until I was reading FSP's earlier blog. When I went to look for it, it had gotten buried. Here's a news link.In some of the discussions about the...
I was at the post-conference cocktail hour, where everybody tries to juggle drinks, lukewarm appetizers, and business cards. I was staying at a hotel a couple blocks from the conference center and my only bag was my giant laptop/paperwork briefcase, so I'd just brought some cash and the room card.Nobody...
Landslides under Microscope
I-40 rock slide cleanup to cost up to $10 million.
Engineers have established a $2 million to $10 million plan to clean up a rock slide on Interstate 40 near the North Carolina-Tennessee line. The state Department of Transportation said unstable rocks will be removed first and then large boulders will be blasted into smaller pieces. Rocks removed from the...
Rock slide problem on Interstate I-40. Video and Pictures.
It could take up to three months to completely clear debris on Interstate 40 after a rock slide early Sunday morning closed the highway in both directions at mile marker 3 in Haywood County, according to officials with the N.C. Department of Transportation. The slide happened about 2 a.m. near...
Mudslide threat in La Canada Flintridge and Glendale. Video.
Los Angeles County authorities said the communities most in danger of being hit by mudslides overnight included Big Tujunga Canyon, La Canada-Flintridge, La Crescenta and Glendale.Authorities were watching the amount of rain that fails, the type of soil it falls on, how saturated the soil becomes and so forth. The...
Video and Photos of Nile Valley landslide near Naches River.
Governor Chris Gregoire declares a state of emergency following the huge Nile Valley landslide. The landslide completely wiped out a section of SR-410, isolating people from their homes. But, that's only half the equation, water is another issue, the Naches River has been diverted from it's original path, flooding homes...
Massive landslide blocks Naches River, Washington, causing residents to evacuate.
A massive landslide about 10 miles west of Naches has closed Highway 410, destroyed a home and diverted the Naches River. Fear of flooding from the river has prompted authorities to begin evacuating residents. Several other homes have been damaged as water from the Naches River found its way around...
Photos of catastrophic landslides in La Trinidad, Philippines.
Dozens of landslides in the rain-soaked mountains of the northern Philippines killed up to 200 people yesterday. The latest calamity brings the total death toll to more than 400 in the Philippines' worst flooding for 40 years. Rescue workers search for victims amid the ruin of a house after...
Stories in Stone
Writing a Popular Science Book: How-To Next Week
Starting next week, I will be teaming up with my fellow bloggers and book authors, Brian Switek (Written in Stone, to be published in November 2010) and Michael Welland (Sand: The Never Ending Story) to discuss the process of writing our books. Each of us will write about our work...
Several weeks ago I posted a short piece about the use of Morton Gneiss in Art Deco buildings. One building I mentioned was the Mariner Tower in Milwaukee. I have found out a bit more information about that building plus I have obtained a few fine photos of the stone....
Flash! A quick update for those following the perturbations of my favorite liquor store. (By the way, I just want to clarify that having a favorite liquor store does not mean that I keep a list of favored liquor stores or that I have, say, a life list of liquor...
Roxbury Puddingtone: Boston's Church Stone
Over at Mountain Beltway, Callan’s post about the Leesburg Conglomerate reminded me of one of my favorite building stones in Boston. It also happens to be the most common surface rock with good outcrops in Brookline, Roxbury and Jamaica Plain. That rock is the Roxbury Conglomerate, designated in 1983 as...
The Tenino Stone: One of the big three Washington state building stones
Like many cities, Seattle can trace its use of building stone to fire. On June 6, 1889, John E. Back, described in the Seattle Post-Intelligencer as “a thick-set blond of mediocre intelligence,” let his pot of glue boil over and onto the stove in a downtown, basement-level cabinet making shop....
Ontario, Canada: A Heritage in Stone
I recently received a very handsome book in the mail. It came from author and architectural conservationist Nina Perkins Chapple. The book is A Heritage of Stone: Buildings of the Niagara Peninsula, Fergus and Elora, Guelph, Region of Waterloo, Cambridge, Paris, Ancaster-Dundas-Flamborough, Hamilton and St. Marys. In clear prose, Chapple...
UnEarthedTees' Geology News
Geo-archaeologist: Tsunami Could Hit Israel
“There is a likely chance of tsunami waves reaching the shores of Israel,” says Dr. Beverly Goodman of the Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences at the University of Haifa following an encompassing geo-archaeological study at the port of Caesarea. “Tsunami events in the Mediterranean do occur less frequently...
Get Your Kids Rockin’ with Mineral Kits
Mount Pleasant, SC, United States, 10/13/2009- Mini Me Geology has launched a line of six affordable rock kits for children. Several kits are available: Mineral Mission, Igneous Investigation, Sedimentary Sleuthing, Metamorphic Mystery, Crystal Geometry, and Crystal Experiment. Each kit contains six or seven large mineral or rock samples, a hand-held magnifier...
Red Dust from Desert Blankets Sydney
The dust blanketing eastern parts of New South Wales has been carried by powerful winds that snatched up tons of topsoil from the drought-ravaged west of the state. Dust storms swept over Sydney Wednesday morning, turning the city sky so red, some residents thought they’d left the blue planet. // Residents of...
A magnitude 7.0 earthquake caused dozens of buildings to collapse in the city of Tasikmalaya, in Java, Indonesia, and injuring a number of people, according to one report. The quake, which occured at at 2:55 p.m, also damaged buildings in the university city of Bandung near the epicentre, but there were...
Another spectacular example from the Earth as Art series. The Lena River, some 2,800 miles(4,500km) long, is one of the largest rivers in the world. The Lena Delta Reserve is the most extensive protected wilderness area in Russia. It is an important refuge and breeding grounds for many species of Siberian...
Powerful quakes in Japan and Indian Ocean
Earthquakes struck both Japan and India on August 10, 2009. Although tsunami warnings were initially announced they were later recscinded. Posted with vodpod ...
ScienceDaily: Geology News
Alternative Energy Crops in Space
What if space held the key to producing alternative energy crops on Earth? That's what researchers are hoping to find in a new experiment on the International Space Station....
Chilean quake may have shortened Earth days
The Feb. 27 magnitude 8.8 earthquake in Chile may have shortened the length of each Earth day. NASA scientists came up with a preliminary calculation that the quake should have shortened the length of an Earth day by about 1.26 microseconds (a microsecond is one millionth of a second)....
Upside-down answer for deep mystery: What caused Earth to hold its last breath?
When Earth was young, it exhaled the atmosphere. During a period of intense volcanic activity, lava carried light elements from the planet's molten interior and released them into the sky. However, some light elements got trapped inside the planet. In a new study, scientists offer a new answer to a...
Upper atmosphere influences weather near Earth's surface
To what extent does what's happening in the stratosphere, tens of kilometers above Earth, influence the weather in the troposphere, the layer of atmosphere that touches Earth? Researchers performed a series of forecast experiments using a general circulation model to study the role of the stratosphere in influencing tropospheric weather...
New finding on key element of Earth's lower mantle
The electronic spin state of iron in perovskite, a major component of Earth's lower mantle, can influence the physical and chemical properties of the mantle. However, previous studies have presented an unclear picture of the spin state of iron in perovskite, with some experiments contradicting computational results. In a new...
San Andreas Fault study unearths new earthquake information
Recent studies of stream channel offsets along the San Andreas Fault reveal new information about fault behavior -- affecting how we understand the potential for damaging earthquakes....
Riparian Rap
Research and development at LRRD.
I'm way overdue on an LRRD progress report: We're doing research and development on several fronts, including sensors and methods for full motion controlled models. In English that means that things like valley slope, water and sediment discharge, standpipe height (and thus base level control), etc. can be controlled and...
Little River rides the economic roller coaster.
Or better, the bobsled. This figure is from a recent report by the National Federation of Independent Business (via Andrew Sullivan's blog and the Economist).With strong encouragement and financial support from my wife Kate, I expanded Little River Research & Design in mid-2007, growing from a home/garage business that was...
How to give a good presentation.
I've just finished reading Callan Bentley's post on how to give a good talk, along with many good comments at his new venue, Mountain Beltway.Go there and read it! Here are a few slides to support the comments I left. I'm a believer in Edward Tufte's design paradigms; you'll see...
I hired Jesse Riechman as a prototyper in late summer of 2007 as LRRD outgrew my home office. Jesse left us last November to become a full time grad student in SIUC's Forestry program.Jesse had many skills, from fixing motorcycles to deftly dropping 250-pound drums of media from a pickup...
LRRD videos get a mention in Science.
A few months ago I contacted Cathy Manduca, who runs an NSF-CCLI funded NAGT professional development project called On the Cutting Edge. Cathy liked our River Geomorphology Video series and published several of our videos on the project's website.The site's geomorphology section is here. Our videos are here. The site...
SIUC stream ecology lab at LRRD.
Today Checo Colon-Gaud brought his SIUC advanced stream ecology class to LRRD for a lab. Checo (holding before and after signs) is an NSF-funded postdoc famously featured in our Em2 video. I talked about our work and urban stream restoration. Then the students moved to an Emriver Em2 model, first...
Arizona Geology
Hearing set on seismic monitoring for illegal activities.
The Arizona legislature's committee on Military Affairs and Public Safety will meet on Wednesday morning to hear SB1027, a measure that will require the Dept. of Public Safety DPS to seek funding for a pilot program of to use seismic sensors to identify illegal immigration and smuggling activities at rural...
Frenetic day at the Tucson Festival of Books
We're just back from 12+ hours at the second annual Tucson Festival of Books held on the UA campus. Organizers told us that overnight this is the 5th largest such event in the country. And after a wildly busy day, I have to agree.We were swamped from before the official...
Did you know that 57% of the U.S. molybdenum supply is produced as a byproduct of copper mining? The USGS has released a new fact sheet on molybdenum - USGS Fact Sheet 2009-3106. ...
Justice Dept contacting Four Corners victims of radiation exposure
The U.S. Dept. of Justice is recruiting student interns to contact families whose work in the uranium industry during the Cold War exposed them to radiation and entitle them to compensation under the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act (RECA).RECA seeks to compensate individuals who contracted certain cancers or other serious diseases...
Compressed air storage of renewable energy
One of the problems with solar and wind energy is their intermittancy. The sun doesn't shine at night and the wind doesn't blow all the time. But the idea of compressing air and storing it underground for later use to run generators is become more viable.A review at Wired magazine...
Arizona mining exports down 70% in 2009
The U.S. Dept. of Commerce says Arizona exports overall dropped 30% from 2008 to 2009, but mining materials and commodities, including copper, dropped from $1.3 billion to $393 million (Bizjournals), which by my calculation is a drop of 70%. [photo credit, Freeport McMoRan]...
Geology
Chilean city of Concepcion moved 3 m West by earthquake.
The magnitude 8.8 quake that struck near Maule, Chile, Feb. 27 moved the entire city of Concepcion 10 feet to the west.Precise GPS measurements from before and after the earthquake, the fifth largest ever recorded by seismographs, show that the country’s capital, Santiago, moved 11 inches west. Even Buenos Aires,...
There was an 8.8 off the coast of Chile a few hours ago, followed by a 6.9 aftershock. Undoubtedly there will be more aftershocks to come. News article here. Link to USGS South American Map here.Details for the 8.8 here.I was in Santiago a few winters ago -...
Has anyone done these? I am applying for the first time and I read the FAQ but I am looking more for advice from people who have done them before. Thank you.Also, has anyone done internships in the Everglades? I applied for a hydrology position for the...
I cannot believe that this idea even entered someone's brain... Can We Dispose of Radioactive Waste in Volcanoes?Paging FrodoBy Bjorn Carey Posted 02.17.2010 at 2:44 pm 0 CommentsDumping all our nuclear waste in a volcano does seem like a neat solution for destroying the roughly 29,000 tons of...
Lusi volcano eruption blamed on mining firm by British-led science team
from hereNew research finds exploratory gas well responsible for deadly blast in Indonesia as boiling mud continues to flow British scientists have revealed evidence that a mining company drilling for gas was responsible for unleashing a mud volcano in Indonesia which has killed 14 (CHECK) people and left tens of thousands...
This article has been passed around by some of my friends at school...http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/01/07/cataclysm-killed-dinos-taking-lives-today/Oddly enough, my friend just posted a comment on Facebook defending watching Fox News. Admittedly, I do not often follow the news (which makes me a loser) and my perception of Fox News was based solely on others'...
Geology News
Are the Natural Gas Shale Plays Sustainable?
Will the new shale plays still be producing natural gas ten to twenty or more years into the future. This topic was discussed at IHS CERA conference last week in Houston...
An article on the San Francisco Chronicle explores the age of Mammoth Mountain, an area with a volcanic history in California, and considers its future activity....
An article on the Discovery News website reports that the roots of modern geology can be traced back to Copernicus over 500 years ago. It also gives a pitch for the broader recognition of earth science in secondary schools of the United States....
Smallest Binary System Discovered
The smallest known binary system has been discovered. The two white dwarf stars of HM Cancri orbit each other in about 5 1/2 minutes....
Some people seem to have a built-in GPS, while others find themselves getting lost time and again. Research shows that many directional cues are in our genes....
Injection Well in the Barnett Gas Play Linked to Earthquakes
“A study of seismic activity near Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport by researchers from SMU and UT-Austin reveals that the operation of a saltwater injection disposal well in the area was a “plausible cause” for the series of small earthquakes that occurred in the area between October 30, 2008, and May...
Geo Slice
Ok, landslides may be cool, but they can also be very tragic, so please don't pay much attention to the title. Anyway, there is a spectacular video of a landslide in Maierato, Italy. For more detailed info, head over to Dave's Landslide Blog, but the video is below....
As usual all of the Arizona Geo-News I have comes from the Arizona Geology Blog - something I recommend that everyone follow.DOE is reportedly going to retract it's application for Yucca MountainThere is lot's of news regarding the fate of the Department of Mines and Minerals and the Mining and...
The New and Improved Earth Fissure Viewer at AZGS
The AZGS has just released the newest version of the Earth Fissure Viewer: http://www.blogger.com/www.azgs.az.gov/efv.shtml. It is much improved and incorporates a Google maps environment, complete with search engine. (http://www.blogger.com/www.azgs.az.gov/efv)Some features:Earth Fissure Viewer http://www.azgs.az.gov/efv provides an interactive and searchable map that displays over 330 miles of earth fissures in Cochise, Maricopa,...
2010 is well underway and so are plans for this year’s AEG Foundation Silent Auction. This year the money that is raised by the auction will support the Lemke Fund. The Lemke fund supports the scholarly and professional development of student members of the Association of Environmental and Engineering Geologists...
ASU Student-Professional Meet and Greet
Greetings AEG Members and Supporters,As part of our attempt to outreach to ASU students and faculty, AEG has been working closely with ASU’s GeoClub, a student organization within the School of Earth and Space Exploration. GeoClub will be hosting a Student/Professional Meet and Greet evening on Tuesday March 9th at...
Below is some random news of interest - and it's all taken from the Arizona Geology Blog. Candidate would eliminate the AZGS and borrow on Rosemount Copper Mine revenue projections. Gubernatorial candidate John Munger released his budget plan for the state this past week which proposes elimination of the Arizona...
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Are Renewable Energy Sources Taking Control?
According to ConocoPhillips Chairman James Mulva, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind po...
BOOKS: Cambridge Library Collection - Life Sciences
"Darwinism" by Alfred Russel Wallace The Cambridge Library Collection – Life Science...
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I made this image yesterday on a hike in the Ceja Pelon badlands. The rocks are actually pieces of p...
In the first dream I was a student of some sort, and I start out in a lecturers office hunting somet...
I am out on a geology field trip in this dream. We are walking through woods that are wintery and tu...
Geology News
Quake strikes off Indonesia's Sumatra: USGS
A moderate 5.7-magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of Indonesia's Sumatra island on Saturday, US geologists said, although there were no indications of a tsunami....
Unsafe river in Indiana faces long recuperation
The Grand Calumet River has the most problems of any river in the United States, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency....
A strong earthquake with a preliminary magnitude of 6.6 jolted northern Japan on Sunday, seismologists said, shaking buildings in the capital Tokyo some 240km away....
A 6.4 magnitude earthquake struck Indonesia on Sunday morning, the U.S. Geological Survey reported....
Strong quake hits off Indonesia, no major tsunami
A strong quake of 6.4 magnitude struck in waters off Indonesia on Sunday, the U.S. Geological Survey said, but there were no immediate reports of damage or casualties....
Moderate quake srikes off Japan: USGS
A moderate 5.8-magnitude earthquake struck off the east coast of the Japanese island of Honshu on Saturday, seismologists said, but there were no immediate reports of casualties or damage....
GPC Geology Blog
A Few More Environmental Thoughts
A few thoughts from Michael Crichton about Environmentalism as a "religion" (in that it is based upon emotions).[Important Note: Just because you disagree with an Environmentalist, that doesn't mean that you are anti-Environment or that you want polluted air, water, or food. Disagreement is not hate.] Listen carefully...
Suggestions for Physical Geology Lab Final
Be familiar with:Cleavage - which minerals have it, which don't.Igneous texturesMetamorphic texturesSedimentary texturesLaw of "v"s regarding topo maps.More too come......
A few notes for Exam III, Environmental Science
Sorry for the delay, I was in Austin, TX for job training Wed. PM - Sat. AM..Important concepts to remember - Orographic Effect and Rain Shadow Effect.Plate Tectonics - Rift (Divergent) Zones, Subduction (Convergent) Zones, Transform Fault Zones, Isostacy, Difference between Continental crust and Oceanic crust.In Subduction zones, the melting...
The Real Threats to Coral Atolls
Blaming human-caused global warming for damage to coral reefs is an exercise in laziness. Here is an in-depth article about real threats to coral reefs, which when left alone, have survived past episodes of warming and cooling, of sea level rise and fall.[Click on the title for more info.]...
To the Physical Geology Lab Class...
Here are some needed links for your take-home exam.My home page: http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~jsummero/Temporary Assignment Page: http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~jsummero/TempAssignmentPage.htmlQuestions: http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~jsummero/PhysicalGeologyLabMidterm09.docMy Physical Geology webpage, scroll down for Power Point notes related to Minerals, Igneous Rocks, and Sedimentary Rocks: http://facstaff.gpc.edu/~jsummero/PhysicalGeology2009.htmSorry for missing class, by the time we were finished with my son's doctor visit, for the...
To the Environmental Science Class
Today I attempted to update the website from the Alpharetta campus, but as they didn't have the Microsoft FrontPage program, I was unable to do so. Maybe I will try again tomorrow (Saturday), so perhaps check again tomorrow afternoon....